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TANGLEDWIRE'S AFRICAN·AMERICAN HISTORY CENTER

PORTRAITS IN HISTORY
Distingushed African Americans
.: REFLECT AND BE PROUD :.

Dred Scott

The Dred Scott Decision, one of the most important cases ever tried in the United States, was heard in St. Louis' Old Courthouse. The two trials of Dred Scott in 1847 and 1850 were the beginning of a complicated series of events which concluded with a U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1857, and hastened the start of the Civil War.

When the first case began in 1847, Dred Scott was about 50 years old. He was born in Virginia about 1799, and was the property (as his parents had been) of the Peter Blow family. He had spent his entire life as a slave, and was illiterate. Dred Scott moved to St. Louis with the Blows in 1830, but was soon sold due to his master's financial problems...Read More.

The Dred Scott Case: Washington University in St. Louis

Christian A. Fleetwood

Christian A. Fleetwood, a member of the 4th U. S. Colored Troops during the Civil War was honored with the Congressional Medal of Honor for his "gallantry in action." He was one of many African American Servicemen to earn this award during the war.

Sergeant Major, 4th U.S. Colored Troops. Born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1840, Fleetwood entered service in Baltimore on August 11, 1863. He saw action on September 29, 1864 at Chaffin's Farm Fort Harrison, VA.

His citation stated that he "seized the colors, after two color bearers had been shot down, and bore them nobly through the fight." Christian Fleetwood was a 23-year-old clerk when he enlisted in the U.S. Army. He stood 5'4" tall. He was promoted to the rank of Sergeant Major on August 19, 1863.

Fleetwood described the act which won him the Medal of Honor as follows: "Saved the regimental colors after eleven of the twelve color guards had been shot down around it." The rank of Sergeant Major was at the time the highest rank a black soldier could attain in the U.S. Army.

African Americans fought on both sides, although, ironically they were banned from becoming soldiers at first because President Lincoln wanted the war to be about keeping the union together rather than a slavery issue. African American men and women are an integral part of today's military as well.

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